Measurements of the plasma in the energyregime where the most of the plasma occurs. May be the basic fluxes in theform of distribution functions or the derived bulk parameters (density, flowvelocity,
etc.).
Measurements of the plasma in the energy regime where
the most of the plasma occurs. May be the basic fluxes
in the form of distribution functions or the derived bulk
parameters (density, flow velocit
y, etc.).
The properties of the ground governing the flow of heat through it, and its freezing and thawing conditions. The position of the interface between thawed and frozen soil with respect to the ground sur
face, for a given surface-temperature regime, depends on the thermal properties of the strata located above and immediately below the interface. The basic Thermal Properties of Frozen Ground are Thermal Conductivity, Heat capacity and Latent Heat of Fusion.
For a Maxwellian distribution, the differencebetween the mean speed and the speed within which ~69% (one sigma) of allthe members of the speed distribution occur.