High to mid-latitude biome dominated by coniferous forest. Predominant vegetation of this biome is various species of spruce, fir, pine, and cedars. Also called Taiga.
The forested region that adjoins the tundra along the arctic tree line. It has two main divisions: its northern portion is a belt of taiga or boreal woodland; its southern portion is a belt of true fo
rest, mainly conifers but with some hardwoods. On its southern boundary the boreal forest passes into "mixed forest" or "parkland," prairie, or steppe, depending on the rainfall.
1.Defined by W. Köppen (1931) as the zone having a definite winter with snow, and a short summer, generally hot. It includes a large part of North America between the Arctic Zone and about 40N, extend
ing to 35N in the interior. In Central Europe and in Asia the boreal zone extends southward from the tundra to 40-50N. 2.A biogeographical zone or region characterized by a northern type of fauna or flora. The term boreal region is used mainly by American biologists, and includes the area between the mean summer isotherm of 18C or 64.4F (roughly 45N latitude) and the Arctic Zone.
A borehole is the generalised term for any narrow shaft drilled in the ground, either vertically or horizontally. A borehole may be constructed for many different purposes including the extraction of
water or fluid (such as oil) or gases (such as natural gas or methane), as part of a geotechnical investigation or environmental site assessment, for mineral exploration, or as a pilot hole for installing piers or underground utilities.