A general term for sea ice that has been broken and reoriented. It includes ridged, hummocked, and rafted ice. Deformed ice is distinguished by its high surface roughness.
A general term for ice that has been squeezed together and, in places, forced upwards (and downwards). Subdivisions are rafted ice, ridged ice, and hummocked ice.
A general term for ice which has been squeezed together and forced upwards and downwards in places. Subdivisions are rated ice, ridge ice, hummocked ice, and other similar deformations.
Sea ice terminology. It is a general term for ice which has been squeezed together, and in places, forced upwards and downwards. The subdivisions of deformed ice are known as rafted ice, ridged ice, a
nd hummocked ice.
A general term for ice which has been squeezed together and broken up with formation of surface and underwater conglomerations. Subdivisions are rafted ice, rough ice, ridged ice, jammed brash barrier
and hillocky multiyear ice.
Highly compressed matter in which the normal atomic structure has broken down and which, because of quantum-mechanical effects, exerts a pressure that is independent of temperature. Bodies with masses
less than Chandrasekhar's limit (1.4 solar masses) are supported by electron degeneracy pressure and have densities of about 10^6 kg/m^3. In collapsed stars of mass above 1.4 solar masses, gravity will overwhelm electron degeneracy and further collapse ensues. Electrons combine with protons to form neutrons, so producing a neutron star. Because neutrons, like electrons, are fermions and therefore subject to the Pauli exclusion principle, at high enough densities, about 10^14 kg/m^3, neutron degeneracy pressure prevents further collapse of the star. For masses larger than 2-3 solar masses, even neutron degeneracy cannot prevent further collapse, and a black hole is formed.
Transitions from full glacial conditions (ice age) to warm interglacials characterized by global warming and sea level rise due to change in continental ice volume.
A unit of measurement to express the departure of the mean temperature for a day from a given References (or base) temperature. The Freezing Index and the Thawing Index are expressed in degree-days wi
th respect to a References temperature of 0C (32F); units: degree-day Celsius or degree-day Fahrenheit.